US demand for battery and fuel cell materials will rise 4.4 percent annually through 2011. Growth will be driven by rising production of high-performance batteries (e.g., lithium, Ni-MH) and a nearly fivefold jump in fuel cell demand. Metals will stay the leading material while polymers and carbon/graphite lead gains.

This study analyzes the US battery and fuel cell material industry. It presents historical demand data (1996, 2001, 2006) and forecasts for 2011 and 2016 by type (e.g., metals, chemicals, polymers, carbon/graphite, silica, ceramics); function (e.g., active materials, current collectors, containers, performance additives, separators, electrolytes, catalysts, electrodes); and application.

The study considers market environment factors, details industry structure, evaluates company market share and profiles 38 major players including Exide Technologies, Doe Run Resources, RSR, Thomas Steel Strip, East Penn Manufacturing, Sanders Lead, Xstrata, and Tronox.

                           TABLE OF CONTENTS
                                    
  
  SECTION                                                          PAGE
  
         INTRODUCTION                                                ix
  
   I.    EXECUTIVE SUMMARY                                            1
     
  II.    MARKET ENVIRONMENT                                           4
         General                                                      4
         Economic Environment                                         5
         Durable Goods Manufacturing Outlook                          9
         Battery Industry Overview                                   11
           Primary Batteries                                         13
           Secondary Batteries                                       16
         Fuel Cell Industry Outlook                                  19
         Technology Trends                                           22
           Batteries                                                 23
              Basic Technology                                       24
              Recent Developments                                    25
           Fuel Cells                                                28
              Basic Technology                                       29
              Fuel Cell Chemistries                                  31
           Battery & Fuel Cell Nanomaterials                         32
         Environmental & Regulatory Issues                           34
           Recycling                                                 35
           Health & Safety                                           37
           
 III.    BATTERY & FUEL CELL MATERIALS OVERVIEW                      39
         General                                                     39
         Demand by Type                                              40
         Demand by Function                                          42
         Demand by Application                                       44
         
  IV.    BATTERY MATERIALS                                           46
         General                                                     46
         Demand by Type                                              47
           Metals                                                    49
              Lead                                                   51
              Steel                                                  53
              Zinc                                                   55
              Other Metals                                           56
           Chemicals                                                 60
              Metallic Chemicals                                     62
              Other Chemicals                                        67
           Polymers                                                  70
              Polyolefins                                            72
              Fluoropolymers                                         72
              Other Polymers                                         73
           Carbon/Graphite                                           74
           Other Materials                                           76
              Silica                                                 77
              Glass Fibers                                           78
              Ceramics                                               79
              All Other Materials                                    79
         Demand by Function                                          80
           Active Materials                                          82
           Current Collectors                                        84
           Containers                                                86
           Performance Additives                                     88
           Separators                                                90
           Electrolytes                                              92
           Other Functions                                           94
              Terminals                                              95
              Gaskets & Seals                                        96
              Catalysts                                              96
              All Other Functions                                    97
         Demand by Application                                       98
           Primary Batteries                                        100
              Alkaline                                              103
              Primary Lithium                                       106
              Zinc-Air                                              109
              Zinc-Carbon                                           111
              Other Primary                                         113
           Secondary Batteries                                      115
              Lead-Acid                                             117
              Nickel Metal Hydride                                  122
              Rechargeable Lithium                                  125
              Nickel-Cadmium                                        127
              Other Secondary                                       129
                       
   V.    FUEL CELL MATERIALS                                        132
         General                                                    132
         Demand by Type                                             133
           Metals                                                   135
              Platinum                                              136
              Other Metals                                          137
           Polymers                                                 138
              Fluoropolymers                                        139
              Other Polymers                                        140
           Carbon/Graphite                                          141
           Ceramics                                                 142
           Chemicals & Other                                        144
         Demand by Function                                         145
           Catalysts                                                147
           Electrolytes                                             148
           Electrodes                                               150
           Plates                                                   151
           Other Functions                                          153
              Fuel Storage                                          155
              All Other Functions                                   155
         Demand by Application                                      155
           Proton Exchange Membrane                                 157
           Phosphoric Acid                                          159
           Solid Oxide                                              160
           Alkaline                                                 162
           Molten Carbonate                                         163
           Direct Methanol                                          164
           Other                                                    165
  
  VI.    INDUSTRY STRUCTURE                                         167
         General                                                    167
         Market Share                                               170
         Manufacturing                                              175
           Battery Materials                                        175
           Fuel Cell Materials                                      176
         Research & Product Development                             177
         Marketing & Distribution                                   181
         Acquisitions & Divestitures                                183
         Company Profiles                                           185
           Advanced Energy Technology, see GrafTech International      
           Ames Goldsmith Corporation                               186
           AMETEK Incorporated                                      187
           Asbury Carbons Incorporated                              188
           Ballard Power Systems Incorporated                       189
           BASF AG                                                  192
           Bayer AG                                                 194
           Big River Zinc Corporation, see ZincOx Resources plc        
           Bulk Molding Compounds Incorporated                      195
           Cabot Corporation                                        196
           Celanese Corporation                                     199
           Chemetall GmbH, see Rockwood Holdings Incorporated          
           Companhia Vale do Rio Doce                               201
           Corus Group plc, see Tata Group                             
           CVRD Inco Limited, see Companhia Vale do Rio Doce           
           Delta plc                                                203
           Doe Run Resources Corporation                            204
           DuPont (EI) de Nemours                                   206
           East Penn Manufacturing Company Incorporated             209
           Energizer Holdings Incorporated                          210
           Energy Conversion Devices Incorporated                   211
           Eramet SA                                                213
           Evanite Fiber Corporation, see Hollingsworth & Vose         
           Exide Technologies                                       215
           Falconbridge Limited, see Xstrata plc                       
           FMC Corporation                                          216
           Gopher Resource Corporation                              217
           GrafTech International Limited                           218
           Gruppo De Nora                                           220
           Hammond Group Incorporated                               222
           Hollingsworth & Vose Company                             223
           Horsehead Holding Corporation                            225
           Inco Limited, see Companhia Vale do Rio Doce                
           International Metals Reclamation Company, see Companhia
              Vale do Rio Doce
           Johnson Matthey plc                                      226
           Manganese Metal Company Pty Limited, see Delta plc          
           Novamet Specialty Products, see Companhia Vale 
              do Rio Doce                                              
           Nyrstar SA, see Umicore Group                               
           OM Group Incorporated                                    228
           Ovonic Battery Company, see Energy Conversion Devices       
           Ovonic Fuel Cell Company, see Energy Conversion Devices     
           PEMEAS GmbH, see BASF AG                                    
           Rockwood Holdings Incorporated                           230
           RSR Corporation                                          231
           Sanders Lead Company Incorporated                        232
           Starck (HC) GmbH & Company KG                            232
           Superior Graphite Company                                234
           Tata Group                                               235
           3M Company                                               236
           Ticona, see Celanese Corporation                            
           Tronox Incorporated                                      238
           Umicore Group                                            239
           Xstrata plc                                              242
           ZincOx Resources plc                                     244
  
  
    
                           LIST OF TABLES
                                   
    TABLE NUMBER                                                   PAGE
  
         
         SECTION I -- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
         Summary Table                                                3
  
         SECTION II -- MARKET ENVIRONMENT
    1    Economic Indicators                                          9
    2    Durable Goods Shipments                                     10
    3    Battery Supply & Demand                                     13
    4    Primary Battery Supply & Demand                             16
    5    Secondary Battery Supply & Demand                           19
    6    Fuel Cell Shipments by Type                                 22
    7    Nanomaterials Demand in Batteries & Fuel Cells              34
  
         SECTION III -- BATTERY & FUEL CELL MATERIALS
           OVERVIEW
    1    Battery & Fuel Cell Materials Demand by Type                41
    2    Battery & Fuel Cell Materials Demand by Function            43
    3    Battery & Fuel Cell Materials Demand by Application         45
  
         SECTION IV -- BATTERY MATERIALS
    1    Battery Materials Demand by Type                            48
    2    Metals Demand in Batteries                                  50
    3    Lead Demand in Batteries                                    53
    4    Steel Demand in Batteries                                   54
    5    Zinc Demand in Batteries                                    56
    6    Other Metals Demand in Batteries                            57
    7    Chemicals Demand in Batteries                               61
    8    Metallic Chemicals Demand in Batteries                      63
    9    Other Chemicals Demand in Batteries                         68
   10    Polymers Demand in Batteries                                71
   11    Carbon/Graphite Demand in Batteries                         75
   12    Other Materials Demand in Batteries                         77
   13    Battery Materials Demand by Function                        81
   14    Battery Active Materials Demand                             84
   15    Battery Current Collector Materials Demand                  86
   16    Battery Container Materials Demand                          88
   17    Battery Performance Additive Materials Demand               90
   18    Battery Separator Materials Demand                          92
   19    Battery Electrolyte Materials Demand                        94
   20    Battery Materials Demand for Other Functions                95
   21    Battery Materials Demand by Application                     99
   22    Primary Battery Materials Demand                           102
   23    Alkaline Battery Materials Demand                          105
   24    Primary Lithium Battery Materials Demand                   108
   25    Zinc-Air Battery Materials Demand                          110
   26    Zinc-Carbon Battery Materials Demand                       112
   27    Other Primary Battery Materials Demand                     114
   28    Secondary Battery Materials Demand                         116
   29    Lead-Acid Battery Materials Demand                         118
   30    Metals Demand in Lead-Acid Batteries                       119
   31    Chemicals Demand in Lead-Acid Batteries                    120
   32    Polymers Demand in Lead-Acid Batteries                     121
   33    Other Materials Demand in Lead-Acid Batteries              122
   34    Nickel Metal Hydride Battery Materials Demand              124
   35    Rechargeable Lithium Battery Materials Demand              127
   36    Nickel-Cadmium Battery Materials Demand                    129
   37    Other Secondary Battery Materials Demand                   131
  
         SECTION V -- FUEL CELL MATERIALS
    1    Fuel Cell Materials Demand by Type                         134
    2    Metals Demand in Fuel Cells                                136
    3    Polymers Demand in Fuel Cells                              139
    4    Carbon/Graphite Demand in Fuel Cells                       142
    5    Ceramics Demand in Fuel Cells                              143
    6    Chemicals & Other Materials Demand in Fuel Cells           145
    7    Fuel Cell Materials Demand by Function                     146
    8    Fuel Cell Catalyst Materials Demand                        148
    9    Fuel Cell Electrolyte Materials Demand                     150
   10    Fuel Cell Electrode Materials Demand                       151
   11    Fuel Cell Plate Materials Demand                           153
   12    Fuel Cell Materials Demand for Other Functions             154
   13    Fuel Cell Materials Demand by Application                  156
  
         SECTION VI -- INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
    1    US Battery & Fuel Cell Materials Sales by Company, 2006    169
    2    Selected Cooperative Agreements                            179
    3    Selected Acquisitions & Divestitures                       184
  
                        

                            LIST OF CHARTS
                                   
    CHART NUMBER                                                   PAGE
  
  
         SECTION II -- MARKET ENVIRONMENT
    1    Basic Battery Construction                                  25
    2    Basic Fuel Cell Construction                                31
  
         SECTION III -- BATTERY & FUEL CELL MATERIALS
           OVERVIEW
    1    Battery & Fuel Cell Materials Demand by Type, 2006          41
    2    Battery & Fuel Cell Materials Demand by Function, 2006      43
    3    Battery & Fuel Cell Materials Demand by Application, 
           1996-2016                                                 45
  
         SECTION IV -- BATTERY MATERIALS
    1    Battery Materials Demand by Type, 2006                      49
    2    Battery Materials Demand by Function, 2006                  81
    3    Battery Materials Demand by Application, 2006               99
  
         SECTION V -- FUEL CELL MATERIALS
    1    Fuel Cell Materials Demand by Type, 2006                   135
    2    Fuel Cell Materials Demand by Function, 2006               147
    3    Fuel Cell Materials Demand by Application, 2006            157
  
         SECTION VI -- INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
    1    US Battery & Fuel Cell Materials Market Share, 2006        171