Batteries

As Quoted In The Economist

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Single Use (Primary) Batteries in the US

Rechargeable (Secondary) Batteries

US demand to rise 4.2% annually through 2017

US demand for primary and secondary batteries is expected to increase 4.2 percent per year to $17.1 billion in 2017, accelerating from the 2007-2012 period. Gains will be driven by an upturn in motor vehicle and other durable goods output, and supported by stronger personal consumption expenditures growth. Motor vehicles will post the largest increases in dollar terms as motor vehicle production rises after more than a decade of decline. They will also be the fastest growing market in percentage terms, with overall battery demand bolstered by expanding production and sales of hybrid/electric vehicles (HEVs). Backup power supplies will register the next fastest demand gains, boosted by a pickup in nonresidential fixed investment, especially for wireless device transmission towers and related facilities, and by continuing concerns about the perceived vulnerability of the nation’s power grid.

Secondary batteries to continue outpacing primary types

Despite a moderation in growth relative to the 2007-2012 period, secondary battery demand will climb faster than primary battery sales in a continuation of past market trends. The portable devices market, which registered the fastest growth of any market from 2007 to 2012, will continue to expand due to the popularity of high-drain devices (such as portable computers that utilize advanced battery chemistries like lithium-ion). However, advances will be tempered by the saturated nature of demand for products like cell phones and notebook computers. Sales of secondary batteries used in HEVs will more than double in dollar terms through 2017, although conventional motor vehicles will continue to account for over 90 percent of all automotive product demand. A key development in this industry is the rising output of all-electric vehicles. Although rechargeable lithium sales will grow at the fastest pace of any secondary battery chemistry, lead-acid will contribute significantly more to dollar gains through 2017. Bolstered by increases in motor vehicle production, lead-acid will be responsible for more than half of all secondary battery sales advances.

Consumer demand to dominate primary batteries

In the primary battery market, consumer segment demand will dwarf other categories, returning to growth after declining between 2007 and 2012. However, secondary batteries will continue to take away market share from primary units, as high-drain electronic devices and the batteries capable of powering them increase in popularity, restricting consumer primary battery market gains through 2017. Product sales in applications not specifically defined as consumer, industrial, or government related will expand the fastest, largely due to a rise in health care spending on primary batteries. This will be spurred by increases in the number of people who are 65 years and older (the fastest growing population segment in the US through 2017), which will lead to higher demand for batteries used to power medical-related devices such as defibrillators, drug pumps, hearing aids, heart monitors, and pacemakers. Among the different primary battery chemistries, alkaline is expected to register the greatest value gains, a continuation of its historical dominance of sales in most primary applications. However, primary lithium will post the strongest market advances in percentage terms, bolstered by the ability to effectively power highdrain devices.

Study coverage

This study analyzes the $13.9 billion US battery industry. It presents historical demand data for 2002, 2007 and 2012, and forecasts for 2017 and 2022 by product (e.g., alkaline, primary lithium, lead-acid, rechargeable lithium) and market (e.g., consumer, motor vehicle, industrial, portable device, motive power, government, backup power supply).

The study also considers market environment factors, reviews battery technology, evaluates company market share and profiles 37 industry players, including Johnson Controls, Exide Technologies and Energizer.

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  1. Batteries

    $5,300.00

    1. 1 INTRODUCTION

      $164.00

    2. 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

      $140.00

      1. Table | US BATTERY SUPPLY & DEMAND (million dollars)

    3. 3 MARKET ENVIRONMENT

      $1,605.00

      1. 3.1 General

        $82.00

      2. 3.2 Economic Environment

        $370.00

        1. Table | MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS (billion 2005 dollars)

        2. 3.2.1 Cyclical Trends

          $105.00

          1. Table | BATTERY MARKET, 2002-2012

          2. Table | BATTERY MARKET, 2003-2012 (percent change)

        3. 3.2.2 Long-Term Trends

          $82.00

      3. 3.3 Fixed Investment Outlook

        $152.00

        1. Table | NONRESIDENTIAL FIXED INVESTMENT (billion dollars)

      4. 3.4 Personal Income & Expenditure Outlook

        $135.00

        1. Table | PERSONAL CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES (billion dollars)

      5. 3.5 Government Spending & Investment Outlook

        $82.00

        1. Table | GOVERNMENT SPENDING & INVESTMENT (billion dollars)

      6. 3.6 Durable Goods Manufacturing Outlook

        $82.00

        1. Table | DURABLE GOODS SHIPMENTS (billion dollars)

      7. 3.7 Motor Vehicle Outlook

        $193.00

        1. Table | MOTOR VEHICLE INDICATORS

      8. 3.8 Electrical & Electronic Sector Outlook

        $275.00

        1. Table | ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT SHIPMENTS (billion dollars)

      9. 3.9 Legal & Regulatory Environment

        $187.00

      10. 3.10 Recycling

        $125.00

    4. 4 TECHNOLOGY

      $1,540.00

      1. 4.1 General

        $82.00

      2. 4.2 Basic Electrical Properties

        $87.00

      3. 4.3 Battery Construction & Operation

        $93.00

        1. Table | BASIC BATTERY CONSTRUCTION

      4. 4.4 Conventional Battery Chemistries

        $290.00

        1. 4.4.1 Alkaline

          $82.00

        2. 4.4.2 Zinc-Carbon/Zinc-Chloride

          $82.00

        3. 4.4.3 Lead-Acid

          $114.00

        4. 4.4.4 Nickel-Cadmium

          $82.00

        5. 4.4.5 Other

          $82.00

      5. 4.5 Advanced Battery Chemistries

        $410.00

        1. 4.5.1 Lithium

          $178.00

        2. 4.5.2 Nickel-Metal Hydride

          $82.00

        3. 4.5.3 Zinc-Air

          $82.00

        4. 4.5.4 Sodium-Metal Halide

          $82.00

        5. 4.5.5 Other

          $101.00

      6. 4.6 Wireless Communications & Portable Computing

        $102.00

        1. Table | WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS & PORTABLE COMPUTING DEVICE DEMAND (million units)

      7. 4.7 Hybrid/Electric Vehicles

        $191.00

        1. Table | HYBRID/ELECTRIC VEHICLE MARKET TRENDS (thousand units)

      8. 4.8 Fuel Cells & Alternative Sources of Power

        $293.00

        1. Table | SELECTED ALTERNATIVE POWER PRODUCT DEMAND (million dollars)

        2. 4.8.1 Fuel Cells

          $109.00

        3. 4.8.2 Other Sources of Power

          $145.00

    5. 5 OVERVIEW

      $676.00

      1. 5.1 General

        $108.00

        1. Table | BATTERY SUPPLY & DEMAND (million dollars)

      2. 5.2 Pricing Patterns

        $134.00

        1. Table | BATTERY PRICING (2005=100)

        2. Table | SELECTED BATTERY PRICE DEFLATORS, 2002-2022 (2005=100)

      3. 5.3 International Environment

        $434.00

        1. 5.3.1 World Outlook

          $139.00

          1. Table | WORLD BATTERY DEMAND (billion dollars)

          2. Table | WORLD BATTERY DEMAND BY REGION, 2012 ($95.5 billion)

        2. 5.3.2 Foreign Trade

          $223.00

          1. Table | US BATTERY FOREIGN TRADE (million dollars)

          2. Table | US PRIMARY BATTERY FOREIGN TRADE (million dollars)

          3. Table | US PRIMARY BATTERY IMPORTS BY SOURCE, 2012 ($635 million)

          4. Table | US PRIMARY BATTERY EXPORTS BY DESTINATION, 2012 ($845 million)

          5. Table | US SECONDARY BATTERY FOREIGN TRADE (million dollars)

          6. Table | US SECONDARY BATTERY IMPORTS BY SOURCE, 2012 ($3.6 billion)

          7. Table | US SECONDARY BATTERY EXPORTS BY DESTINATION, 2012 ($1.8 billion)

    6. 6 PRIMARY BATTERY PRODUCTS

      $843.00

      1. 6.1 General

        $131.00

        1. Table | PRIMARY BATTERY SUPPLY & DEMAND (million dollars)

        2. Table | PRIMARY BATTERY DEMAND BY CHEMISTRY, 2012 ($4.7 billion)

      2. 6.2 Alkaline Batteries

        $121.00

        1. Table | ALKALINE BATTERY SUPPLY & DEMAND

      3. 6.3 Primary Lithium

        $153.00

        1. Table | PRIMARY LITHIUM SUPPLY & DEMAND

      4. 6.4 Other Primary Batteries

        $437.00

        1. Table | OTHER PRIMARY BATTERY SUPPLY & DEMAND (million dollars)

        2. 6.4.1 Zinc-Air

          $95.00

          1. Table | ZINC-AIR BATTERY DEMAND (million dollars)

        3. 6.4.2 Zinc-Carbon/Zinc-Chloride

          $87.00

          1. Table | ZINC-CARBON/ZINC-CHLORIDE BATTERY DEMAND (million dollars)

        4. 6.4.3 Silver Oxide

          $82.00

          1. Table | SILVER OXIDE BATTERY DEMAND (million dollars)

        5. 6.4.4 Specialty & All Other Primary Batteries

          $125.00

          1. Table | SPECIALTY & ALL OTHER PRIMARY BATTERY DEMAND (million dollars)

    7. 7 PRIMARY BATTERY MARKETS

      $774.00

      1. 7.1 General

        $104.00

        1. Table | PRIMARY BATTERY DEMAND BY MARKET (million dollars)

        2. Table | PRIMARY BATTERY DEMAND BY MARKET, 2012 ($4.7 billion)

      2. 7.2 Consumer Market

        $379.00

        1. Table | CONSUMER PRIMARY BATTERY MARKET (million dollars)

        2. 7.2.1 Entertainment

          $82.00

        3. 7.2.2 Lighting

          $82.00

        4. 7.2.3 Toys & Games

          $82.00

        5. 7.2.4 Photography

          $82.00

        6. 7.2.5 Other Consumer Markets

          $82.00

      3. 7.3 Industrial Market

        $104.00

        1. Table | INDUSTRIAL PRIMARY BATTERY MARKET (million dollars)

      4. 7.4 Government Market

        $93.00

        1. Table | GOVERNMENT PRIMARY BATTERY MARKET (million dollars)

      5. 7.5 Other Primary Battery Markets

        $94.00

        1. Table | OTHER PRIMARY BATTERY MARKETS (million dollars)

    8. 8 SECONDARY BATTERY PRODUCTS

      $1,274.00

      1. 8.1 General

        $128.00

        1. Table | SECONDARY BATTERY SUPPLY & DEMAND (million dollars)

        2. Table | SECONDARY BATTERY DEMAND BY CHEMISTRY, 2012 ($9.1 billion)

      2. 8.2 Lead-Acid Batteries

        $344.00

        1. Table | LEAD-ACID BATTERY SUPPLY & DEMAND (million dollars)

        2. 8.2.1 Starting/Lighting/Ignition

          $100.00

          1. Table | STARTING/LIGHTING/IGNITION LEAD-ACID BATTERY DEMAND (million dollars)

        3. 8.2.2 Non-SLI

          $162.00

          1. Table | NON-SLI LEAD-ACID BATTERY DEMAND (million dollars)

      3. 8.3 Rechargeable Lithium Batteries

        $277.00

        1. Table | RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERY SUPPLY & DEMAND (million dollars)

        2. 8.3.1 Lithium Ion

          $96.00

        3. 8.3.2 Lithium Polymer

          $82.00

      4. 8.4 Nickel-Metal Hydride Batteries

        $124.00

        1. Table | NICKEL-METAL HYDRIDE BATTERY SUPPLY & DEMAND

      5. 8.5 Nickel-Cadmium Batteries

        $96.00

        1. Table | NICKEL-METAL CADMIUM BATTERY SUPPLY & DEMAND

      6. 8.6 Other Secondary Batteries

        $305.00

        1. Table | OTHER SECONDARY BATTERY SUPPLY & DEMAND

        2. 8.6.1 Sodium-Metal Halide

          $82.00

        3. 8.6.2 Rechargeable Zinc-Air

          $82.00

        4. 8.6.3 Nickel-Hydrogen

          $82.00

        5. 8.6.4 Sodium-Sulfur

          $82.00

        6. 8.6.5 Exotic & All Other

          $105.00

    9. 9 SECONDARY BATTERY MARKETS

      $1,736.00

      1. 9.1 General

        $143.00

        1. Table | SECONDARY BATTERY DEMAND BY MARKET (million dollars)

        2. Table | SECONDARY BATTERY DEMAND BY MARKET, 2012 ($9.1 billion)

      2. 9.2 Motor Vehicle Market

        $419.00

        1. Table | MOTOR VEHICLE BATTERY MARKET (million dollars)

        2. 9.2.1 Conventional OEM

          $82.00

          1. Table | CONVENTIONAL OEM BATTERY MARKET

        3. 9.2.2 Conventional Replacement

          $82.00

          1. Table | CONVENTIONAL REPLACEMENT MOTOR VEHICLE BATTERY MARKET

        4. 9.2.3 Hybrid/Electric Vehicles

          $195.00

          1. Table | HYBRID/ELECTRIC VEHICLE BATTERY MARKET (million dollars)

      3. 9.3 Portable Device Market

        $426.00

        1. Table | PORTABLE DEVICE SECONDARY BATTERY MARKET (million dollars)

        2. 9.3.1 Portable Computers

          $82.00

          1. Table | PORTABLE COMPUTER BATTERY DEMAND (million dollars)

        3. 9.3.2 Personal Communication Devices

          $82.00

          1. Table | PERSONAL COMMUNICATION DEVICE BATTERY DEMAND (million dollars)

        4. 9.3.3 Power Tools

          $82.00

          1. Table | POWER TOOL BATTERY DEMAND (million dollars)

        5. 9.3.4 Other Portable Devices

          $83.00

          1. Table | OTHER PORTABLE DEVICES BATTERY DEMAND (million dollars)

      4. 9.4 Motive Power Market

        $235.00

        1. Table | MOTIVE POWER SECONDARY BATTERY DEMAND (million dollars)

        2. 9.4.1 Industrial & Mining Vehicles

          $82.00

        3. 9.4.2 Recreational & Personal Mobility Vehicles

          $82.00

        4. 9.4.3 Other Motive Market

          $82.00

      5. 9.5 Backup Power Supply

        $250.00

        1. Table | BACKUP POWER SUPPLIES SECONDARY BATTERY MARKET (million dollars)

        2. 9.5.1 Industrial

          $82.00

        3. 9.5.2 Telecommunications

          $82.00

        4. 9.5.3 Utility-Related

          $87.00

      6. 9.6 Government & Other Secondary Markets

        $263.00

        1. Table | GOVERNMENT & OTHER SECONDARY BATTERY MARKETS (million dollars)

        2. 9.6.1 Government

          $82.00

        3. 9.6.2 Mowers, Tractors, & Industrial Trucks

          $82.00

        4. 9.6.3 Marine

          $82.00

        5. 9.6.4 Motorcycles

          $82.00

        6. 9.6.5 All Other

          $82.00

    10. 10 INDUSTRY STRUCTURE

      $5,333.00

      1. 10.1 General

        $90.00

      2. 10.2 Industry Composition

        $82.00

        1. Table | US BATTERY SALES BY MANUFACTURER, 2012 (million dollars)

      3. 10.3 Market Share

        $164.00

        1. Table | US BATTERY MARKET SHARE, 2012 ($13.9 billion)

        2. 10.3.1 Primary Batteries

          $82.00

          1. Table | US PRIMARY BATTERY MARKET SHARE, 2012 ($4.7 billion)

        3. 10.3.2 Lead-Acid Secondary Batteries

          $82.00

          1. Table | US LEAD-ACID SECONDARY BATTERY MARKET SHARE, 2012($6.5 billion)

        4. 10.3.3 Non-Lead-Acid Secondary Batteries

          $82.00

          1. Table | US NON-LEAD-ACID SECONDARY BATTERY MARKET SHARE, 2012 ($2.6 billion)

      4. 10.4 Research & Product Development

        $118.00

        1. Table | RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT SPENDING PATTERNS: SELECTED BATTERY MANUFACTURERS, 2010-2012 (percentage of corporate revenues)

      5. 10.5 Manufacturing

        $82.00

        1. Table | CAPITAL SPENDING PATTERNS: SELECTED BATTERY MANUFACTURERS, 2010-2012 (million dollars)

      6. 10.6 Marketing

        $90.00

      7. 10.7 Cooperative Agreements

        $256.00

        1. Table | SELECTED COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS

      8. 10.8 Distribution

        $82.00

      9. 10.9 Financial Requirements

        $82.00

        1. Table | COMPOSITE FINANCIAL RATIOS: SELECTED BATTERY MANUFACTURERS, 2010-2012*

      10. 10.10 Mergers, Acquisitions, & Industry Restructuring

        $100.00

        1. Table | SELECTED ACQUISITIONS & DIVESTITURES

      11. 10.11 Company Profiles

        $4,888.00

        1. 10.11.1 BASF SE

          $116.00

        2. 10.11.2 BYD Company Limited

          $97.00

        3. 10.11.3 C&D Technologies Incorporated

          $111.00

        4. 10.11.4 Crown Battery Manufacturing Company

          $94.00

        5. 10.11.5 East Penn Manufacturing Company Incorporated

          $274.00

        6. 10.11.6 EnerDel Incorporated

          $88.00

        7. 10.11.7 Energizer Holdings Incorporated

          $175.00

        8. 10.11.8 EnerSys

          $258.00

        9. 10.11.9 Exide Technologies

          $307.00

        10. 10.11.10 General Electric Company

          $82.00

        11. 10.11.11 General Motors Company

          $82.00

        12. 10.11.12 GP Batteries International Limited

          $153.00

        13. 10.11.13 Greatbatch Incorporated

          $216.00

        14. 10.11.14 GS Yuasa Corporation

          $104.00

        15. 10.11.15 Hitachi Limited

          $111.00

        16. 10.11.16 Johnson Controls Incorporated

          $212.00

        17. 10.11.17 LG Chem Limited

          $131.00

        18. 10.11.18 Nissan Motor Company Limited

          $82.00

        19. 10.11.19 Panasonic Corporation

          $267.00

        20. 10.11.20 Power-Sonic Corporation

          $82.00

        21. 10.11.21 Procter & Gamble Company

          $143.00

        22. 10.11.22 Saft Groupe SA

          $360.00

        23. 10.11.23 Samsung SDI Company Limited

          $94.00

        24. 10.11.24 Schneider Electric SA

          $82.00

        25. 10.11.25 Solicore Incorporated

          $82.00

        26. 10.11.26 Sony Corporation

          $134.00

        27. 10.11.27 Spectrum Brands Holdings Incorporated

          $156.00

        28. 10.11.28 Swatch Group Limited

          $82.00

        29. 10.11.29 Tesla Motors Incorporated

          $82.00

        30. 10.11.30 Toshiba Corporation

          $87.00

        31. 10.11.31 Toyota Motor Corporation

          $103.00

        32. 10.11.32 TransDigm Group Incorporated

          $82.00

        33. 10.11.33 Trojan Battery Company

          $87.00

        34. 10.11.34 Ultralife Corporation

          $107.00

        35. 10.11.35 US Battery Manufacturing Company

          $82.00

        36. 10.11.36 Valence Technology Incorporated

          $82.00

        37. 10.11.37 Wanxiang Group Corporation

          $185.00

      12. 10.12 Other Companies Mentioned in Study

        $107.00

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