Water Treatment Worldwide – Processes and Scarcity

The global demand for water treatment equipment and chemicals is anticipated to experience a 3.1% annual increase, reaching a total of $129 billion by 2027. This growth in market value will be driven by several key factors. Industrializing countries are witnessing a rising demand for top-tier processes and supply water to support their manufacturing industries. Lower-income countries are implementing more stringent regulations pertaining to drinking water and wastewater, contributing to market expansion. Mature economies are investing in the repair and renovation of their aging municipal water systems, and the adoption of water reuse and recycling practices in extractive industries such as oil and gas production and mining is on the rise, further stimulating market growth. The pursuit of higher standards for process and supply water quality will necessitate the utilization of advanced filtration technologies and superior-performing chemicals, bolstering market value.

Water Treatment Processes

The water treatment process is a multifaceted system that begins with the collection of raw water from various sources. This raw water undergoes screening to remove large debris, followed by coagulation and flocculation to clump together smaller particles and impurities. Afterward, sedimentation allows the heavy floc particles to settle, and filtration further purifies the water by removing fine contaminants. Disinfection is then employed to eliminate any remaining harmful microorganisms, while pH adjustment ensures the water's acidity falls within safe limits. The treated water is distributed through a network of pipes and pumps, often stored in tanks for consistent supply.

Water treatment processes can look different from place to place depending on local regulations and source water quality. In some locations, water treatment may involve addressing the presence of radionuclides, chemicals like nitrates, or toxins produced by cyanobacteria, requiring specialized methods for control or removal.

Water Scarcity

Water scarcity is a critical global issue resulting from an imbalance between the demand for freshwater resources and their sustainable supply. This shortage, stemming from factors like population growth, climate change, and poor water management, takes forms such as physical, economic, and institutional scarcity. Its consequences span health crises due to unsafe drinking water, food shortages from reduced crop yields, economic disruptions in various industries, environmental degradation, and even social conflicts. Addressing water scarcity requires a multifaceted approach involving water conservation, efficient water management, investment in infrastructure, and the adoption of sustainable agricultural and industrial practices. International cooperation and local community engagement are also crucial in mitigating this pressing global challenge.

The water treatment process is extremely important in times of water scarcity. As a form of recycling, water treatment maximizes use of resources. New and specialized types of water treatment processes will aim to aid regions struggling with water scarcity and make water treatment more efficient.  To read more about water treatment equipment and chemicals and their applications, check out Freedonia Group’s report, “Global Water Treatment Equipment & Chemicals”.