Hard Surface Flooring

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Flooring

This comprehensive study examines the US hard surface flooring industry. Hard surface flooring includes resilient and nonresilient flooring. Carpets and rugs are excluded from the scope of this study.

Types of resilient flooring include:

  • vinyl flooring
  • vinyl sheet
  • luxury vinyl tile (LVT)
  • vinyl composition tile (VCT)
  • other resilient flooring
    • rubber flooring
    • linoleum
    • cork
    • leather

Types of nonresilient flooring include:

  • decorative tile
  • ceramic
  • porcelain
  • natural stone
  • wood flooring
  • solid wood
  • engineered wood
  • laminate flooring
  • saturated paper laminate
  • high-pressure laminate
  • other nonresilient flooring
    • seamless
    • polished concrete
    • grating
    • bamboo
    • glass
    • metal tiles

Demand is also segmented by market:

  • residential – new and replacement and remodeling application for single-family, multifamily, and manufactured housing types
  • commercial – new and replacement and remodeling applications for office, trade, and lodging; institutional; industrial; and other commercial buildings (e.g., government buildings, athletic facilities)
  • transportation equipment and other nonbuilding construction:
    • motor vehicles
    • recreational vehicles and boats
    • aircraft
    • ships
    • trains
    • nonbuilding structures (e.g., decks, docks)

Historical data for 2009, 2014, and 2019 and forecasts to 2024 and 2029 are provided for hard surface flooring demand in both area terms (square feet) and value terms (US dollars).

Data from the US Census Department were consulted in the preparation of this study and a list of related codes is presented here for informational purposes. However, these codes may not include all products covered in this report or may exclude some products of interest and the data have thus been adjusted accordingly.

Overview

US demand for hard surface flooring is somewhat insulated from economic variations in new construction activity because of the large replacement demand in residential and commercial building construction applications:

  • There exists a large base of installed flooring, much of which is subject to high levels of wear and thus will eventually require replacement.
  • Moreover, because flooring also serves a decorative purpose, it may be replaced before the end of its lifespan if a consumer desires to change the appearance of the structure in which it is installed.

Demand is also partially protected from cyclical construction patterns because of the use of flooring products in the transportation equipment market, which tends to have different sales cycles.

Hard surface flooring overtook carpets and rugs as the leading floor covering material installed in the US in 2018 and saw gains in market share in 2019, reaching 51% of demand. Over the historical period, hard surface flooring has been increasingly been specified by home and business owners looking to improve the appearance of their properties (such as by adding hardwood flooring or porcelain and natural stone tile) or reduce maintenance and replacement costs (such as by installing ceramic tile or vinyl flooring).

Key Trends in Resilient and Nonresilient

In terms of demand for hard surface flooring, by market, the following are key points:

  • The residential market will remain the largest end use for hard surface flooring, and will post the most rapid demand gains, spurred by strong interest among homebuilders and homeowners in installing hard surface flooring.
  • Hard surface flooring demand in the commercial market will rise more slowly as commercial building construction – especially in the key office, trade, and lodging segment – struggles to recover from declines caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • In the transportation equipment and nonbuilding market, increasing production of trucks will support demand for hardwood and vinyl sheet flooring, while rising shipments of RVs will support use of hardwood and decorative tile flooring.

Sustainability Trends

While recycling has not traditionally played a large role in the hard surface flooring industry, in recent years, hard surface flooring manufacturers have worked to develop programs to recover older or worn flooring and either reuse the materials in new flooring or divert the materials into other end uses. As more consumers cited environmental concerns as influencing purchasing decisions, manufacturers had to consider the effects of their floor coverings on the environment and work to mitigate the role their products play in generating wastes and carbon emissions.

Indoor Air Quality Concerns

Hard surface flooring has seen increasing use in a wide range of structures because of concerns about how carpets and rugs affect IAQ:

  • Carpets and rugs can retain dirt, pet dander, and other particulates that cause allergies and other illness.
  • More recently, concerns about spreading the COVID-19 virus – in addition to other biological pathogens – have become a concern for many users, as these agents of disease can be trapped by carpet and rug fibers.

In contrast, hard surface flooring does not trap particulates, making it easier to remove dust and pet dander from the surface of the floor material. Such products as vinyl flooring and decorative tile often have nearly impermeable surfaces that facilitate the removal of particulates. This has promoted the use of these materials in medical and educational facilities, as well as in laboratories and other structures where a sterile environment is seen as a necessity.

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  1. Hard Surface Flooring

    $5,300.00

    1. 1 Executive Summary

      $92.00

      1. Figure 1-1 | US Hard Surface Flooring Market

    2. 2 About This Report

      $362.00

      1. 2.1 Report Details

        $82.00

      2. 2.2 Study Scope & Product Description

        $82.00

      3. 2.3 Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic

        $238.00

        1. Table | Annual Hard Surface Flooring Demand by Product, 2019 – 2021

        2. Table | Annual Hard Surface Flooring Demand by Market, 2019 – 2021

        3. Figure 2-1 | Annual Hard Surface Flooring Demand by Market, 2019 – 2024

    3. 3 Overview

      $1,784.00

      1. 3.1 Historical Market Trends

        $104.00

        1. Table | Hard Surface Flooring Demand, 2009 – 2019

        2. Figure 3-1 | Hard Surface Flooring Demand, 2009 – 2019

      2. 3.2 Demand by Product

        $801.00

        1. 3.2.1 Area Demand

          $188.00

          1. Table | Hard Surface Flooring Demand: Resilient vs. Nonresilient, 2009 – 2029

          2. Figure 3-2 | Hard Surface Flooring Demand by Type, 2009 – 2024

        2. 3.2.2 Market Value

          $154.00

          1. Table | Hard Surface Flooring Demand: Resilient vs. Nonresilient, 2009 – 2029

        3. 3.2.3 Resilient Flooring

          $226.00

          1. Table | Resilient Flooring Demand by Product & Market, 2009 – 2029

          2. Table | Resilient Flooring Supply & Demand, 2009 – 2029

        4. 3.2.4 Nonresilient Flooring

          $232.00

          1. Table | Nonresilient Flooring Demand by Product & Market, 2009 – 2029

          2. Table | Nonresilient Flooring Supply & Demand, 2009 – 2029

      3. 3.3 Demand by Market

        $179.00

        1. Table | Hard Surface Flooring Demand by Market, 2009 – 2029

        2. Figure 3-3 | Hard Surface Flooring Demand by Market, 2009 – 2029

      4. 3.4 Shipments & Foreign Trade

        $258.00

        1. 3.4.1 Production

          $158.00

          1. Table | Hard Surface Flooring Supply & Demand, 2009 – 2029

        2. 3.4.2 Imports

          $82.00

          1. Figure 3-4 | US Hard Surface Flooring Imports: Share by Source, 2019

        3. 3.4.3 Exports

          $82.00

          1. Figure 3-5 | US Hard Surface Flooring Exports: Share by Destination, 2019

      5. 3.5 Pricing Trends

        $82.00

        1. Figure 3-6 | Hard Surface Flooring Average Price by Product, 2009 – 2019

      6. 3.6 Installation Costs

        $83.00

        1. Figure 3-7 | Selected Hard Surface Flooring Installation Costs, 2009 –2029

      7. 3.7 Competitive Products

        $82.00

        1. Figure 3-8 | Comparative Growth Rates for Selected Flooring Products, 2019 –2024

      8. 3.8 Sustainability Trends

        $170.00

        1. 3.8.1 Recycling & Recycled Content

          $82.00

        2. 3.8.2 Green Building Practices (LEED)

          $103.00

      9. 3.9 Indoor Air Quality Concerns

        $82.00

    4. 4 Vinyl Flooring

      $960.00

      1. 4.1 Scope & Product Description

        $82.00

        1. Figure 4-1 | Vinyl Flooring: Product Examples

      2. 4.2 Product Trends

        $612.00

        1. 4.2.1 Demand by Product

          $116.00

          1. Table | Vinyl Flooring Demand by Product, 2009 – 2029

        2. 4.2.2 Luxury Vinyl Tile (LVT)

          $158.00

          1. Table | Luxury Vinyl Tile (LVT) Flooring Demand by Market, 2009 – 2029

        3. 4.2.3 Vinyl Sheet

          $176.00

          1. Table | Vinyl Sheet Flooring Demand by Market, 2009 – 2029

        4. 4.2.4 Vinyl Composition Tile (VCT) & Solid Vinyl Tile

          $160.00

          1. Table | Vinyl Composition Tile (VCT) & Other Vinyl Tile Flooring Demand by Market, 2009 – 2029

      3. 4.3 Demand by Market

        $127.00

        1. Table | Vinyl Flooring Demand by Market, 2009 – 2029

      4. 4.4 Shipments & Foreign Trade

        $126.00

        1. Table | Vinyl Flooring Supply & Demand, 2009 – 2029

        2. Figure 4-2 | Vinyl Flooring Imports: Share by Source, 2019

        3. Figure 4-3 | Vinyl Flooring Exports: Share by Destination, 2019

      5. 4.5 Market Share

        $82.00

        1. Figure 4-4 | Vinyl Flooring Market Share by Company, 2019

    5. 5 Decorative Tile Flooring

      $918.00

      1. 5.1 Scope & Product Description

        $82.00

        1. Figure 5-1 | Decorative Tile Flooring: Product Examples

      2. 5.2 Product Trends

        $571.00

        1. 5.2.1 Demand by Product

          $165.00

          1. Table | Decorative Tile Flooring Demand by Type, 2009 – 2029

        2. 5.2.2 Ceramic Tile

          $127.00

          1. Table | Ceramic Tile Flooring Demand by Market, 2009 – 2029

        3. 5.2.3 Porcelain Tile

          $128.00

          1. Table | Porcelain Tile Flooring Demand by Market, 2009 – 2029

        4. 5.2.4 Natural Stone Tile

          $150.00

          1. Table | Natural Stone Tile Flooring Demand by Market, 2009 – 2029

      3. 5.3 Demand by Market

        $132.00

        1. Table | Decorative Tile Flooring Demand by Market, 2009 – 2029

      4. 5.4 Shipments & Foreign Trade

        $104.00

        1. Table | Decorative Tile Flooring Supply & Demand, 2009 – 2029

      5. 5.5 Market Share

        $82.00

        1. Figure 5-2 | Decorative Tile Flooring Market Share by Company, 2019

    6. 6 Wood Flooring

      $794.00

      1. 6.1 Scope & Product Description

        $82.00

        1. Figure 6-1 | Hardwood Flooring: Product Examples

      2. 6.2 Product Trends

        $439.00

        1. 6.2.1 Demand by Product

          $116.00

          1. Table | Wood Flooring Demand by Product, 2009 – 2029

        2. 6.2.2 Engineered Wood

          $178.00

          1. Table | Engineered Wood Flooring Demand by Market, 2009 – 2029

        3. 6.2.3 Solid Wood

          $143.00

          1. Table | Solid Wood Flooring Demand by Market, 2009 – 2029

      3. 6.3 Demand by Market

        $127.00

        1. Table | Wood Flooring Demand by Market, 2009 – 2029

      4. 6.4 Shipments & Foreign Trade

        $99.00

        1. Table | Wood Flooring Supply & Demand, 2009 – 2029

      5. 6.5 Market Share

        $82.00

        1. Figure 6-2 | Wood Flooring Market Share by Company, 2019

    7. 7 Laminate Flooring

      $463.00

      1. 7.1 Scope & Product Description

        $82.00

      2. 7.2 Product Trends

        $172.00

        1. 7.2.1 Demand by Product

          $120.00

          1. Table | Laminate Flooring Demand by Type, 2009 – 2029

        2. 7.2.2 Saturated Paper Laminate

          $82.00

        3. 7.2.3 High-Pressure Laminate

          $82.00

      3. 7.3 Demand by Market

        $107.00

        1. Table | Laminate Flooring Demand by Market, 2009 – 2029

      4. 7.4 Shipments & Foreign Trade

        $103.00

        1. Table | Laminate Flooring Supply & Demand, 2009 – 2029

      5. 7.5 Market Share

        $82.00

        1. Figure 7-1 | Laminate Flooring Market Share by Company, 2019

    8. 8 Other Flooring Products

      $1,439.00

      1. 8.1 Scope & Product Description

        $82.00

        1. Figure 8-1 | Other Hard Surface Flooring: Product Examples

      2. 8.2 Product Trends

        $216.00

        1. Table | Other Hard Surface Flooring Demand by Product & Market, 2009 – 2029

      3. 8.3 Rubber

        $143.00

        1. Figure 8-2 | Rubber Flooring: Product Examples

        2. Table | Rubber Flooring Demand by Market, 2009 – 2029

      4. 8.4 Polished Concrete

        $142.00

        1. Table | Polished Concrete Flooring Demand by Market, 2009 – 2029

      5. 8.5 Seamless Flooring

        $160.00

        1. Figure 8-3 | Seamless Flooring: Product Example

        2. Table | Seamless Flooring Demand by Market, 2009 – 2029

      6. 8.6 Linoleum

        $144.00

        1. Figure 8-4 | Linoleum Flooring: Product Example

        2. Table | Linoleum Flooring Demand by Market, 2009 – 2029

      7. 8.7 Bamboo

        $126.00

        1. Table | Bamboo Flooring Demand by Market, 2009 – 2029

      8. 8.8 Grating

        $105.00

        1. Table | Grating Flooring Demand by Market, 2009 – 2029

      9. 8.9 Cork, Leather, & Other Resilient Flooring

        $206.00

        1. Figure 8-5 | Cork Flooring: Product Example

        2. Table | Cork, Leather, & Other Resilient Flooring Demand by Market, 2009 – 2029

      10. 8.10 Other Nonresilient Flooring

        $138.00

        1. 8.10.1 Demand by Market

          $92.00

          1. Table | Other Nonresilient Flooring Demand by Market, 2009 – 2029

        2. 8.10.2 Stone Slabs

          $82.00

        3. 8.10.3 Tempered Glass

          $82.00

    9. 9 Residential Flooring

      $1,090.00

      1. 9.1 Demand by Product & Application

        $225.00

        1. Table | Residential Hard Surface Flooring Demand by Application & Product, 2009 – 2029

      2. 9.2 New Construction

        $195.00

        1. Table | New Residential Hard Surface Flooring Demand by Housing Type & Product, 2009 – 2029

      3. 9.3 Replacement & Remodeling

        $201.00

        1. Table | Residential Replacement & Remodeling Hard Surface Flooring Demand by Housing Type & Product, 2009 – 2029

      4. 9.4 Building Types

        $465.00

        1. 9.4.1 Demand by Building Type

          $87.00

          1. Table | Residential Hard Surface Flooring Demand by Housing Type, 2009 – 2029

        2. 9.4.2 Single-Family

          $124.00

          1. Table | Single-Family Housing Hard Surface Flooring Demand, 2009 – 2029

        3. 9.4.3 Multifamily

          $115.00

          1. Table | Multifamily Housing Hard Surface Flooring Demand, 2009 – 2029

        4. 9.4.4 Manufactured Housing

          $137.00

          1. Table | Manufactured Housing Hard Surface Flooring Demand, 2009 – 2029

    10. 10 Commercial Flooring

      $1,244.00

      1. 10.1 Demand by Product & Application

        $228.00

        1. Table | Commercial Hard Surface Flooring Demand by Application & Product, 2009 – 2029

      2. 10.2 New Construction

        $199.00

        1. Table | New Commercial Hard Surface Flooring Demand by Building Type & Product, 2009 – 2029

      3. 10.3 Replacement & Remodeling

        $211.00

        1. Table | Commercial Replacement & Remodeling Hard Surface Flooring Demand by Building Type & Product, 2009 – 2029

      4. 10.4 Building Types

        $602.00

        1. 10.4.1 Demand by Building Type

          $93.00

          1. Table | Commercial Hard Surface Flooring Demand by Building Type, 2009 – 2029

        2. 10.4.2 Office, Trade & Lodging

          $146.00

          1. Table | Office, Trade, & Lodging Hard Surface Flooring Demand by Application, 2009 – 2029

        3. 10.4.3 Institutional

          $117.00

          1. Table | Institutional Hard Surface Flooring Demand by Application, 2009 – 2029

        4. 10.4.4 Industrial

          $111.00

          1. Table | Industrial Hard Surface Flooring Demand by Application, 2009 – 2029

        5. 10.4.5 Other Commercial Buildings

          $133.00

          1. Table | Other Commercial Hard Surface Flooring Demand by Application, 2009 – 2029

    11. 11 Transportation Equipment & Nonbuilding Flooring

      $472.00

      1. 11.1 Demand by Product & Application

        $190.00

        1. Table | Transportation Equipment & Nonbuilding Hard Surface Flooring Demand by Application & Product, 2009 – 2029

      2. 11.2 Motor Vehicle Flooring

        $119.00

        1. Table | Motor Vehicle Hard Surface Flooring Demand by Product, 2009 – 2029

      3. 11.3 Other (Recreational Vehicles, Aircraft, Ships, Trains, & Nonbuilding Applications)

        $155.00

        1. Table | Recreational Vehicle & Other Nonbuilding Hard Surface Flooring Demand by Product, 2009 – 2029

    12. 12 Competitive Analysis

      $1,204.00

      1. 12.1 Key Findings & Industry Composition

        $207.00

        1. Table | US Hard Surface Flooring Sales by Company, 2019

      2. 12.2 Market Share

        $290.00

        1. Figure 12-1 | US Hard Surface Flooring Market Share by Company, 2019

        2. Figure 12-2 | US Hard Surface Flooring Market: Leading Supplier, 2019

        3. Figure 12-3 | US Hard Surface Flooring Market: Second Leading Supplier, 2019

        4. Figure 12-4 | US Hard Surface Flooring Market: Third Leading Supplier, 2019

        5. Figure 12-5 | US Hard Surface Flooring Market: Fourth Largest Supplier, 2019

        6. Figure 12-6 | US Hard Surface Flooring Market: Fifth Leading Supplier, 2019

        7. Figure 12-7 | US Hard Surface Flooring Market: Sixth Leading Supplier, 2019

      3. 12.3 Mergers & Acquisitions

        $166.00

        1. Table | Selected Mergers & Acquisitions

      4. 12.4 List of Industry Participants

        $538.00

        1. Table | Selected Industry Participants

    13. 13 Appendix

      $4,034.00

      1. 13.1 Scope

        $326.00

        1. Table | Relevant Industry Codes

        2. Table | Relevant HS Codes

      2. 13.2 Definitions

        $134.00

      3. 13.3 Abbreviations

        $105.00

        1. Table | Abbreviations & Acronyms Used in Study

      4. 13.4 Freedonia Methodology

        $484.00

      5. 13.5 Study-Specific Methodology

        $82.00

      6. 13.6 Sources

        $82.00

      7. 13.7 Associations & Agencies

        $82.00

      8. 13.8 Related Studies & Reports

        $138.00

      9. 13.9 Macroeconomic Assumptions

        $2,690.00

        1. 13.9.1 Economic Environment

          $207.00

          1. Table | Macroeconomic Indicators, 2009 – 2029

          2. Figure 13-1 | Annual Growth in Real GDP, 2000 – 2019, Compared to 1980 – 2005 Average

        2. 13.9.2 Demographic Trends

          $196.00

          1. Table | Population & Households, 2009 – 2029

          2. Figure 13-2 | Annual Population Growth, 2004 – 2019

        3. 13.9.3 Consumer Spending

          $184.00

          1. Table | Personal Consumption Expenditures, 2009 – 2029

        4. 13.9.4 Consumer Financing

          $140.00

          1. Table | Consumer Financing Environment, 2009 – 2019

        5. 13.9.5 Building Construction

          $140.00

          1. Table | Building Construction Expenditures, 2009 – 2029

        6. 13.9.6 Residential Building Construction

          $155.00

          1. Table | Residential Building Construction Expenditures, 2009 – 2029

        7. 13.9.7 Housing Completions

          $214.00

          1. Table | New Housing Indicators, 2009 – 2029

          2. Figure 13-3 | New Housing Square Footage by Housing Type, 2004 – 2019

        8. 13.9.8 Residential Improvements & Repairs

          $105.00

          1. Table | Residential Improvement & Repair Expenditures, 2009 – 2029

        9. 13.9.9 Commercial Building Construction

          $175.00

          1. Table | Commercial Building Construction Expenditures, 2009 – 2029

        10. 13.9.10 Commercial Building Stock

          $106.00

          1. Table | Commercial Building Stock by Type, 2009 – 2029

        11. 13.9.11 Commercial Building Improvements & Repairs

          $106.00

          1. Table | Commercial Building Improvement & Repair Expenditures, 2009 – 2029

        12. 13.9.12 Nonbuilding Construction Expenditures

          $158.00

          1. Table | Nonbuilding Construction Expenditures, 2009 – 2029

        13. 13.9.13 Motor Vehicles

          $182.00

          1. Table | Motor Vehicle Indicators, 2009 – 2029

        14. 13.9.14 Recreational Boats, Recreational Vehicles, & Civilian Aircraft Shipments

          $617.00

          1. Table | Recreational Boats, Recreational Vehicles, & Civilian Aircraft Shipments, 2009 – 2029

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