HVAC Equipment

7th Edition

Featuring 91 tables and 89 figures – now available in Excel and Powerpoint!

The $20.7 billion US HVAC equipment industry differs between regions due to variances in climate, heating and cooling requirements, and type of buildings constructed. Competition from imported products has grown considerably as suppliers have relocated production to Mexico. Average HVAC equipment prices rose between 2.0% and 3.0% per year between 2008 and 2018. Price increases in 2018 were partly the result of import tariffs on steel and aluminum imposed by the Trump administration.

Heating and AC Equipment

This study analyzes the United States market for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) equipment. Products covered include:

  • air conditioning equipment, including unitary air conditioners, room air conditioners, packaged terminal air conditioners, chillers, and absorption chillers
  • heating equipment, including warm air furnaces, boilers, and room and zone heating equipment
  • heat pumps
  • whole building dehumidifiers and humidifiers

Products excluded from the scope of this report include:

  • portable HVAC equipment, including air conditioners, heaters, dehumidifiers, and humidifiers
  • ventilation equipment, including ductwork, radiators, and distribution pipes
  • parts and attachments

Demand for HVAC equipment is examined by product type, energy source, market, and region in US dollars at the manufacturers’ level. Unit demand estimates are also provided by product and market. Shipments are provided by product type in US dollars. Historical data for 2008, 2013, and 2018 and forecasts to 2023 are presented in current dollars (which are not adjusted to account for inflation).

Product Definitions:

Air Source Heat Pump

Function by transferring heat from one location to another. To warm the air in a buildings, the heat pumps pull heat from the outside air and transfer it into the home ductwork or individual air handlers. To cool the home, the process is reversed; the heat pump pulls heat from inside the structure and transfers it out of the home.

Boiler

Either generate hot water to provide space heating or are used as a piece of industrial process equipment. However, some models provide both space heating and hot water generation. District heating boilers, including large-scale boilers and series of large-scale central boilers that generate hot water to provide heat for an industrial complex or a densely populated urban area, are included in this study. However, products associated with combined heat and power generation systems are not covered in this study, even though they are also radiant heat systems.

Central Air Conditioning

Air conditioning system that provides comfort cooling to an entire structure. Unitary air conditioners can also be described as central air conditioners.

Condensing Boiler

Boilers that have the ability to condense water vapor in the exhaust gas to recover additional heat that improves the efficiency of the unit compared to non-condensing boilers.

Heat Pump

As a type of heat transfer equipment, heat pumps function similarly to air conditioners but can also provide heat. They are also referred to as “reverse cycle heating”, “reverse cycle air conditioning”, “inverted air conditioners”, or “dual capacity air conditioners”. Heat pumps consist of the following major components: a compressor, a fan, condensing coils, evaporator coils, a metering valve, and a reversing valve. The system operates by using a compressor to pump the refrigerant to the coils..

Mini-Split Room Air Conditioner

Room air conditioners that have the condenser and compressor separate from the air handling components. Sometimes referred to as ductless mini-splits.

Packaged Unitary Air Conditioners

Consist of a central air conditioner that combines both condenser and air handling capabilities into a single unit.

Room Air Conditioner

Room air conditioners function similarly to unitary air conditioners and the cooling cycle of heat pumps, but they are designed to operate on a smaller scale. The condenser, compressor, and air handling components in a room air conditioner are located in the same cabinet, which is typically mounted in a window but can be installed in an opening in the wall. Portable units that operate as a free-standing unit with a duct that expels warm air through an exhaust vent in the wall, fireplace, window, or other venting location are also available.

Split Unitary Air Conditioners

The compressor and condenser are installed outside of the building, and an air handling unit is installed inside the building. Split systems are widely used in residential applications. Multi-split systems incorporate one central unit outside and a series of air handling units in several areas of a building. Multi-split systems are increasingly common in newer urban construction throughout the world.

Unitary Air Conditioner

Unitary is a term used to refer to the fact that all the components needed to cool, dehumidify, and move the air are included in one or more factory-made assemblies. These systems provide central cooling for an entire building. Although many of these systems incorporate a heating component within the same assembly, they differ from heat pumps in that the system does not reverse direction.

Warm Air Furnace

Warm air furnaces heat buildings by drawing air from rooms through ductwork and a filter into the furnace, where the air is heated using natural gas, electricity, or heating oil. The warm air then moves back into the rooms through the ductwork. Older warm air furnaces are known as gravity furnaces because the air is delivered by natural convection movement as warm air rises and cold air falls, but the majority of newer versions are known as forced air furnaces because the air is returned using a fan.

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  1. HVAC Equipment

    $5,600.00

    1. 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

      $166.00

      1. Figure 1-1 | US HVAC Equipment Demand

    2. 2 OVERVIEW

      $1,777.00

      1. 2.1 Key Findings

        $82.00

        1. Figure 2-1 | Key Trends in the US HVAC Equipment Market

      2. 2.2 Factors Influencing HVAC Equipment Demand

        $677.00

        1. 2.2.1 Considerations Influencing HVAC Equipment Purchases

          $144.00

        2. 2.2.2 Energy Costs

          $123.00

          1. Table | Average Retail Energy Costs in the US by Type, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 2-2 | Average Retail Energy Costs in the US, 2003 – 2018

        3. 2.2.3 Energy Efficiency

          $182.00

        4. 2.2.4 Tax Credits

          $82.00

        5. 2.2.5 Refrigerant Regulations

          $144.00

      3. 2.3 Pricing Trends

        $135.00

        1. Table | HVAC Equipment Pricing Trends, 2008 – 2023

        2. Figure 2-3 | HVAC Equipment Pricing Trends, 2008 – 2023

      4. 2.4 Historical Demand Trends

        $88.00

        1. Figure 2-4 | HVAC Equipment Demand, 2005 – 2018

      5. 2.5 HVAC Equipment Supply & Demand

        $542.00

        1. 2.5.1 Demand by Product Type

          $154.00

          1. Table | HVAC Equipment Demand by Product Type, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 2-5 | HVAC Equipment Value Demand, 2006 – 2023

        2. 2.5.2 Shipments by Product Type

          $84.00

          1. Table | HVAC Equipment Shipments by Product Type, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 2-6 | HVAC Equipment Shipments Share by Product Type, 2018

        3. 2.5.3 Trade

          $106.00

          1. Table | Foreign Trade in HVAC Equipment, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 2-7 | US Foreign Trade in HVAC Equipment, 2005 – 2018

        4. 2.5.4 Imports by Source

          $115.00

          1. Table | HVAC Equipment Imports by Source, 2008 – 2018

          2. Figure 2-8 | HVAC Equipment Imports by Source, 2008 – 2018

        5. 2.5.5 Exports by Destination

          $82.00

          1. Table | HVAC Equipment Exports by Destination, 2008 – 2018

          2. Figure 2-9 | HVAC Equipment Exports by Destination, 2008 – 2018

      6. 2.6 Demand by Market

        $152.00

        1. Table | HVAC Equipment Demand by Market, 2008 – 2023

      7. 2.7 Demand by Region

        $145.00

        1. Table | HVAC Equipment Demand by Region, 2008 – 2023

        2. Figure 2-10 | US States by Regions & Subregions

    3. 3 AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT

      $2,623.00

      1. 3.1 Key Findings

        $82.00

        1. Figure 3-1 | US Air Conditioning Equipment Trends

      2. 3.2 Air Conditioning Equipment: Historical Trends

        $82.00

        1. Figure 3-2 | Air Conditioning Equipment Demand, 2005 – 2018

      3. 3.3 Air Conditioning Equipment: Supply & Demand

        $121.00

        1. Table | Air Conditioning Equipment Supply & Demand, 2008 – 2023

        2. Figure 3-3 | US Foreign Trade in Air Conditioning Equipment, 2005 – 2018

      4. 3.4 Air Conditioning Equipment: Products

        $1,028.00

        1. 3.4.1 Demand by Product

          $154.00

          1. Table | Air Conditioning Equipment Demand by Product, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 3-4 | Air Conditioning Equipment Demand Share by Product, 2018

        2. 3.4.2 Unitary Air Conditioners

          $267.00

          1. Table | Unitary Air Conditioner Supply & Demand, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 3-5 | Unitary Air Conditioner Value Demand, 2006 – 2018

          3. Table | Unitary Air Conditioner Demand by Type, 2008 – 2023

          4. Figure 3-6 | Unitary Air Conditioner Value Demand Share by Type, 2008 – 2023

        3. 3.4.3 Room Air Conditioners

          $157.00

          1. Table | Room Air Conditioner Supply & Demand, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 3-7 | Room Air Conditioner Share of Air Conditioning Equipment Demand, 2018

        4. 3.4.4 Packaged Terminal Air Conditioners

          $174.00

          1. Table | Packaged Terminal Air Conditioner Supply & Demand, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 3-8 | Packaged Terminal Air Conditioner Value Demand, 2006 – 2018

        5. 3.4.5 Chillers

          $145.00

          1. Table | Chiller Supply & Demand, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 3-9 | Chiller Value Demand, 2006 – 2018

        6. 3.4.6 Absorption Chillers

          $127.00

          1. Table | Absorption Chiller Supply & Demand, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 3-10 | Absorption Chiller Value Demand, 2006 – 2018

      5. 3.5 Air Conditioning Equipment: Markets

        $736.00

        1. 3.5.1 Air Conditioning Equipment: Demand by Market & Segment

          $88.00

          1. Table | Air Conditioning Equipment Demand by Market & Segment, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 3-11 | Air Conditioning Equipment Demand Value Share by Market, 2008 – 2023

        2. 3.5.2 Air Conditioning Equipment Markets: Commercial Buildings

          $333.00

          1. Table | Commercial Air Conditioning Equipment Demand by Product, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 3-12 | Commercial Air Conditioning Equipment Demand Share by Product, 2018

          3. Table | Commercial Air Conditioning Equipment Demand by Segment, 2008 – 2023

          4. Figure 3-13 | Commercial Air Conditioning Equipment Demand, 2005 – 2018

          5. Table | Commercial Air Conditioning Equipment Demand by Building Type, 2008 – 2023

          6. Figure 3-14 | Commercial Air Conditioning Equipment Demand Share by Building Type, 2018

        3. 3.5.3 Air Conditioning Equipment Markets: Residential Buildings

          $313.00

          1. Table | Residential Air Conditioning Equipment Demand by Product, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 3-15 | Residential Air Conditioning Equipment Demand Share by Product, 2018

          3. Table | Residential Air Conditioning Equipment Demand by Segment, 2008 – 2023

          4. Figure 3-16 | Air Conditioning Equipment Demand in Existing Residential Buildings, 2005 – 2018

          5. Figure 3-17 | Air Conditioning Equipment Demand in New Residential Buildings, 2005 – 2018

          6. Table | Residential Air Conditioning Equipment Demand by Building Type, 2008 – 2023

          7. Figure 3-18 | Residential Air Conditioning Equipment Value Demand Share by Building Type, 2008 – 2023

      6. 3.6 Air Conditioning Equipment: Regions

        $578.00

        1. 3.6.1 Air Conditioning Equipment: Demand by Region

          $82.00

          1. Table | Air Conditioning Equipment Demand by Region, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 3-19 | Air Conditioning Equipment Value Demand Share by Region, 2008 – 2023

        2. 3.6.2 Air Conditioning Equipment Regional Demand: Northeast

          $161.00

          1. Table | Northeast: Air Conditioning Equipment Demand by Product & Market, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 3-20 | Northeast: Air Conditioning Equipment Demand Share by Product, 2018

        3. 3.6.3 Air Conditioning Equipment Regional Demand: Midwest

          $97.00

          1. Table | Midwest: Air Conditioning Equipment Demand by Product & Market, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 3-21 | Midwest: Air Conditioning Equipment Demand Share by Product, 2018

        4. 3.6.4 Air Conditioning Equipment Regional Demand: South

          $141.00

          1. Table | South: Air Conditioning Equipment Demand by Product & Market, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 3-22 | South: Air Conditioning Equipment Demand Share by Product, 2018

        5. 3.6.5 Air Conditioning Equipment Regional Demand: West

          $103.00

          1. Table | West: Air Conditioning Equipment Demand by Product & Market, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 3-23 | West: Air Conditioning Equipment Demand Share by Product, 2018

      7. 3.7 Air Conditioning Equipment: Market Share

        $82.00

        1. Figure 3-24 | Air Conditioning Equipment: Market Share by Company, 2018

    4. 4 HEATING EQUIPMENT

      $2,889.00

      1. 4.1 Key Findings

        $82.00

        1. Figure 4-1 | US Heating Equipment Trends

      2. 4.2 Heating Equipment: Historical Trends

        $82.00

        1. Figure 4-2 | Heating Equipment Demand by Product, 2005 – 2018

      3. 4.3 Heating Equipment: Supply & Demand

        $107.00

        1. Table | Heating Equipment Supply & Demand, 2008 – 2023

        2. Figure 4-3 | US Foreign Trade in Heating Equipment, 2005 – 2018

      4. 4.4 Heating Equipment: Demand by Energy Source

        $135.00

        1. Table | Heating Equipment Demand by Energy Source, 2008 – 2023

        2. Figure 4-4 | Heating Equipment Demand Share by Energy Source, 2018

      5. 4.5 Heating Equipment: Products

        $1,015.00

        1. 4.5.1 Heating Equipment: Demand by Product

          $162.00

          1. Table | Heating Equipment Demand by Product, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 4-5 | Heating Equipment Demand Share by Product, 2018

        2. 4.5.2 Warm Air Furnaces

          $313.00

          1. Table | Warm Air Furnace Supply & Demand, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 4-6 | Warm Air Furnace Value Demand, 2006 – 2018

          3. Table | Warm Air Furnace Demand by Energy Source, 2008 – 2023

          4. Figure 4-7 | Warm Air Furnace Demand Share by Energy Source, 2018

        3. 4.5.3 Boilers

          $312.00

          1. Table | Boiler Supply & Demand, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 4-8 | Boiler Value Demand, 2006 – 2018

          3. Table | Boiler Demand by Type & Energy Source, 2008 – 2023

          4. Figure 4-9 | Boiler Value Demand Share by Type, 2008 – 2023

        4. 4.5.4 Room & Zone Heating Equipment

          $227.00

          1. Table | Room & Zone Heating Equipment Supply & Demand, 2008 – 2023

          2. Table | Room & Zone Heating Equipment Demand by Energy Source, 2008 – 2023

          3. Table | Selected Commercial & Residential Building Applications for Room & Zone Heating Equipment

      6. 4.6 Heating Equipment: Markets

        $763.00

        1. 4.6.1 Heating Equipment: Demand by Market & Segment

          $82.00

          1. Table | Heating Equipment Demand by Market & Segment, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 4-11 | Heating Equipment Value Demand Share by Market, 2008 – 2023

        2. 4.6.2 Heating Equipment Markets: Commercial Buildings

          $333.00

          1. Table | Commercial Heating Equipment Demand by Product, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 4-12 | Commercial Heating Equipment Demand Share by Product, 2018

          3. Table | Commercial Heating Equipment Demand by Segment, 2008 – 2023

          4. Figure 4-13 | Heating Equipment Demand in Commercial Buildings, 2005 – 2018

          5. Table | Commercial Heating Equipment Demand by Building Type, 2008 – 2023

          6. Figure 4-14 | Commercial Heating Equipment Demand Share by Building Type, 2018

        3. 4.6.3 Heating Equipment Markets: Residential Buildings

          $350.00

          1. Table | Residential Heating Equipment Demand by Product, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 4-15 | Residential Heating Equipment Demand Share by Product, 2018

          3. Table | Residential Heating Equipment Demand by Segment, 2008 – 2023

          4. Figure 4-16 | Heating Equipment Demand in Existing Residential Buildings, 2005 – 2018

          5. Figure 4-17 | Heating Equipment Demand in New Residential Buildings, 2005 – 2018

          6. Table | Residential Heating Equipment Demand by Building Type, 2008 – 2023

          7. Figure 4-18 | Residential Heating Equipment Demand Share by Building Type, 2018

      7. 4.7 Heating Equipment: Regions

        $694.00

        1. 4.7.1 Heating Equipment: Demand by Region

          $84.00

          1. Table | Heating Equipment Demand by Region, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 4-19 | Heating Equipment Demand Share by Region, 2018

        2. 4.7.2 Heating Equipment Regional Demand: Northeast

          $162.00

          1. Table | Northeast: Heating Equipment Demand by Product & Market, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 4-20 | Northeast: Heating Equipment Demand Share by Product, 2018

        3. 4.7.3 Heating Equipment Regional Demand: Midwest

          $128.00

          1. Table | Midwest: Heating Equipment Demand by Product & Market, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 4-21 | Midwest: Heating Equipment Demand Share by Product, 2018

        4. 4.7.4 Heating Equipment Regional Demand: South

          $201.00

          1. Table | South: Heating Equipment Demand by Product & Market, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 4-22 | South: Heating Equipment Demand Share by Product, 2018

        5. 4.7.5 Heating Equipment Regional Demand: West

          $118.00

          1. Table | West: Heating Equipment Demand by Product & Market, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 4-23 | West: Heating Equipment Demand Share by Product, 2018

      8. 4.8 Heating Equipment: Market Share

        $83.00

        1. Figure 4-24 | Heating Equipment: Market Share by Company, 2018

    5. 5 HEAT PUMPS

      $1,816.00

      1. 5.1 Key Findings

        $82.00

        1. Figure 5-1 | US Heat Pump Trends

      2. 5.2 Heat Pumps: Historical Trends

        $82.00

        1. Figure 5-2 | Heat Pump Demand by Product, 2005 – 2018

      3. 5.3 Heat Pumps: Supply & Demand

        $84.00

        1. Table | Heat Pump Supply & Demand, 2008 – 2023

        2. Figure 5-3 | US Foreign Trade in Heat Pumps, 2005 – 2018

      4. 5.4 Heat Pumps: Products

        $695.00

        1. 5.4.1 Heat Pumps: Demand by Product

          $120.00

          1. Table | Heat Pump Demand by Product, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 5-4 | Heat Pump Demand Share by Product, 2018

        2. 5.4.2 Air Source Heat Pumps

          $281.00

          1. Table | Air Source Heat Pump Demand by Type, 2008 – 2023

          2. Table | Air Source Heat Pump Demand by Energy Source, 2008 – 2023

          3. Figure 5-5 | Air Source Heat Pump Value Demand Share by Energy Source, 2008 – 2023

        3. 5.4.3 Geothermal Heat Pumps

          $294.00

          1. Table | Geothermal Heat Pump Demand by Type, 2008 – 2023

      5. 5.5 Heat Pumps: Markets

        $518.00

        1. 5.5.1 Heat Pumps: Demand by Market

          $96.00

          1. Table | Heat Pump Demand by Market & Segment, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 5-6 | Heat Pump Value Demand Share by Market, 2008 – 2023

        2. 5.5.2 Heat Pump Markets: Commercial Buildings

          $178.00

          1. Table | Commercial Heat Pump Demand by Segment, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 5-7 | Heat Pump Demand in Commercial Buildings, 2005 – 2018

          3. Table | Commercial Heat Pump Demand by Building Type, 2008 – 2023

          4. Figure 5-8 | Commercial Heat Pump Demand Share by Building Type, 2018

        3. 5.5.3 Heat Pump Markets: Residential Buildings

          $242.00

          1. Table | Residential Heat Pump Demand by Segment, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 5-9 | Heat Pump Demand in Existing Residential Buildings, 2005 – 2018

          3. Figure 5-10 | Heat Pump Demand in New Residential Buildings, 2005 – 2018

          4. Table | Residential Heat Pump Demand by Building Type, 2008 – 2023

          5. Figure 5-11 | Residential Heat Pump Demand Share by Building Type, 2018

      6. 5.6 Heat Pumps: Regions

        $339.00

        1. 5.6.1 Heat Pumps: Demand by Region

          $84.00

          1. Table | Heat Pump Demand by Region, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 5-12 | Heat Pump Demand Share by Region, 2018

          3. Figure 5-13 | Share of New Single & Multifamily Building Units with Heat Pumps Installed by Region, 2008 & 2018

        2. 5.6.2 Heat Pump Regional Demand: Northeast

          $82.00

          1. Table | Northeast: Heat Pump Demand, 2008 – 2023

        3. 5.6.3 Heat Pump Regional Demand: Midwest

          $82.00

          1. Table | Midwest: Heat Pump Demand, 2008 – 2023

        4. 5.6.4 Heat Pump Regional Demand: South

          $82.00

          1. Table | South: Heat Pump Demand, 2008 – 2023

        5. 5.6.5 Heat Pump Regional Demand: West

          $82.00

          1. Table | West: Heat Pump Demand, 2008 – 2023

      7. 5.7 Heat Pumps: Market Share

        $82.00

        1. Figure 5-14 | Heat Pumps: Market Share by Company, 2018

    6. 6 DEHUMIDIFIERS & HUMIDIFIERS

      $807.00

      1. 6.1 Key Findings

        $82.00

        1. Figure 6-1 | US Dehumidifier & Humidifier Trends

      2. 6.2 Dehumidifiers & Humidifiers: Historical Trends

        $82.00

        1. Figure 6-2 | Dehumidifier & Humidifier Demand, 2005 – 2018

      3. 6.3 Dehumidifiers & Humidifiers: Supply & Demand

        $109.00

        1. Table | Dehumidifier & Humidifier Supply & Demand, 2008 – 2023

        2. Figure 6-3 | US Foreign Trade in Dehumidifiers & Humidifiers, 2005 – 2018

      4. 6.4 Dehumidifiers & Humidifiers: Demand by Product

        $163.00

        1. Table | Dehumidifier & Humidifier Demand, 2008 – 2023

        2. Figure 6-4 | Dehumidifier & Humidifier Demand Share, 2018

      5. 6.5 Dehumidifiers & Humidifiers: Markets

        $298.00

        1. 6.5.1 Dehumidifiers & Humidifiers: Demand by Market

          $91.00

          1. Table | Dehumidifier & Humidifier Demand by Market, 2008 – 2023

        2. 6.5.2 Dehumidifiers & Humidifiers: Commercial Buildings

          $106.00

          1. Table | Commercial Dehumidifier & Humidifier Demand by Segment & Building Type, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 6-5 | Dehumidifier & Humidifier Demand in Existing Commercial Buildings, 2005 – 2018

        3. 6.5.3 Dehumidifiers & Humidifiers: Residential Buildings

          $99.00

          1. Table | Residential Dehumidifier & Humidifier Demand by Segment & Building Type, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 6-6 | Dehumidifier & Humidifier Demand in Existing Residential Buildings, 2005 – 2018

          3. Figure 6-7 | Dehumidifier & Humidifier Demand in New Residential Buildings, 2005 – 2018

      6. 6.6 Dehumidifiers & Humidifiers: Demand by Region

        $113.00

        1. Table | Dehumidifier & Humidifier Demand by Region, 2008 – 2023

        2. Figure 6-8 | Dehumidifier & Humidifier Demand Share by Region, 2018

      7. 6.7 Dehumidifiers & Humidifiers: Leading Suppliers

        $82.00

    7. 7 INDUSTRY STRUCTURE

      $2,229.00

      1. 7.1 Key Findings & Industry Composition

        $106.00

        1. Table | HVAC Equipment Sales by Company, 2018

      2. 7.2 Market Share

        $323.00

        1. Figure 7-1 | US HVAC Equipment Market Share by Company, 2018

        2. Figure 7-2 | HVAC Equipment: Leading Supplier

        3. Figure 7-3 | HVAC Equipment: Second Leading Supplier

        4. Figure 7-4 | HVAC Equipment: Third Leading Supplier

        5. Figure 7-5 | HVAC Equipment: Fourth Leading Supplier

      3. 7.3 Competitive Strategies

        $95.00

      4. 7.4 Research & Development

        $109.00

        1. Table | Research & Development Spending for Selected HVAC Equipment Companies, 2018

      5. 7.5 Marketing

        $183.00

      6. 7.6 Distribution

        $113.00

      7. 7.7 Cooperative Agreements

        $246.00

        1. Table | Selected Cooperative Agreements

      8. 7.8 Mergers & Acquisitions

        $82.00

        1. Table | Selected Mergers & Acquisitions

      9. 7.9 List of Industry Participants

        $1,002.00

    8. 8 APPENDIX

      $3,391.00

      1. 8.1 Scope

        $227.00

        1. Table | Study Scope: HVAC Equipment Markets

        2. Table | Study Scope: US Regions

        3. Table | Relevant Industry Codes

        4. Table | Relevant HS Codes

      2. 8.2 Definitions

        $325.00

      3. 8.3 Abbreviations

        $82.00

        1. Table | Acronyms Used in Study

      4. 8.4 Freedonia Methodology

        $1,212.00

      5. 8.5 Study-Specific Methodology

        $82.00

      6. 8.6 Sources

        $82.00

      7. 8.7 Associations & Agencies

        $82.00

      8. 8.8 Related Studies & Reports

        $82.00

      9. 8.9 Climate Zones

        $122.00

        1. Figure 8-1 | Continental US Climate Zones

      10. 8.10 Macroeconomic Assumptions

        $1,278.00

        1. 8.10.1 Economic Environment

          $160.00

          1. Table | US Macroeconomic Indicators, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 8-2 | Annual Growth in Real GDP, 2000 – 2018, Compared to 1980 – 2005 Average

        2. 8.10.2 Demographic Trends

          $164.00

          1. Table | US Population & Households, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 8-3 | Annual Population Growth, 2003 – 2018

        3. 8.10.3 Consumer Spending

          $113.00

          1. Table | US Personal Consumption Expenditures, 2008 – 2023

        4. 8.10.4 Building Construction

          $113.00

          1. Table | Building Construction Expenditures, 2008 – 2023

        5. 8.10.5 Residential Building Construction

          $101.00

          1. Table | Residential Building Construction Expenditures, 2008 – 2023

        6. 8.10.6 Housing Completions

          $82.00

          1. Table | New Housing Indicators, 2008 – 2023

        7. 8.10.7 Housing Stock

          $82.00

          1. Table | Housing Stock by Type, 2008 – 2023

          2. Figure 8-4 | Housing Stock Share by Decade of Construction, 2018

        8. 8.10.8 Residential Improvements & Repairs

          $82.00

          1. Table | Residential Improvement & Repair Expenditures, 2008 – 2023

        9. 8.10.9 Commercial Building Construction

          $147.00

          1. Table | Commercial Building Construction Expenditures, 2008 – 2023

        10. 8.10.10 Commercial Building Improvements & Repairs

          $250.00

          1. Table | Commercial Building Improvement & Repair Expenditures, 2008 – 2023

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